This review comprehensively examines the latest advancements in TES mechanisms, materials, and structural designs, including sensible heat, latent heat, and thermochemical storage systems. . From your smartphone addict neighbor to entire nations planning green transitions, energy storage mechanism design has become the unsung hero of our electrified world. The global energy storage market, worth $33 billion annually [1], now powers everything from emergency hospital generators to those. . Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies are emerging as key enablers of sustainable energy systems by providing flexibility and efficiency in managing thermal resources across diverse applications. Presently companies like “Gravitricity” and “Energy Vault” are generating the electricity in large scale using gravitational potential energy.
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