Using 690V for industrial low-voltage distribution networks to lower investment costs and improve network efficiency. The most commonly used voltage in industrial facilities to power the low-voltage electrical distribution system is 400V, and in rare cases, 220V three-phase.
One of the key points in the comparison between 400V and 690V is the investment cost of induction motors. On the European market, 690V motors are available in the range of 0.18 to 1000 kW with a totally enclosed fan-cooled construction and up to 630 kW with a protection type of EEx-d, EEx-e, Ex-n for hazardous areas (EEx-p for larger motors).
The use of 690V instead of 400V implies the possibility of increasing the transformer's rated power. Its maximum value, however, is limited by the fault current duty on low-voltage panels and their switching devices and motor starters.
With regard to the "ampacity" of cables, the use of 690V motors involving lower load currents than 400V, allows for a reduction in the cross-section of the cable conductors (keeping the same voltage drop in both cases) and cable power losses.
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Using 690V for industrial low-voltage distribution networks to lower investment costs and improve network efficiency. The most commonly used voltage in industrial facilities to power the low-voltage
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