In this work we describe the development of cost and performance projections for utility-scale lithium-ion battery systems, with a focus on 4-hour duration systems. The projections are developed from an analysis of recent publications that include utility-scale storage . . DOE's Energy Storage Grand Challenge supports detailed cost and performance analysis for a variety of energy storage technologies to accelerate their development and deployment The U. 1 Batteries are one of the most common forms of electrical energy storage. The first battery, Volta's cell, was developed in 1800. pioneered large-scale energy storage with the. . The DOE Global Energy Storage Database provides research-grade information on grid-connected energy storage projects and relevant state and federal policies. All data can be exported to Excel or JSON format. . How many cities have energy consumption inventories? As an application of the method proposed in this study, we calculated the energy consumption inventories of 286 cities and details on 30 types of fossil fuel and 18 socioeconomic sectors that are consistent with the System of National Accounts. .