Electricity can be stored directly for a short time in capacitors, somewhat longer electrochemically in, and much longer chemically (e.g. hydrogen), mechanically (e.g. pumped hydropower) or as heat. The first pumped hydroelectricity was constructed at the end of the 19th century around in Italy, Austria, and Switzerland. The technique rapidly expanded during the 1960s to 1980s,.
The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (Egat) plans to convert three hydropower dams into massive energy storage systems with a 90-billion-baht investment. This effort aims to stabilize the clean energy supply, supplementing solar and wind power, which are subject to weather fluctuations. One of these dams is located in the northeastern province of Chaiyaphum, while the other two are based in the provinces of Kanchanaburi and Nakhon Si Thammarat. . In particular, Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant (PSH) can provide energy storage to support the power system during periods when other renewable energy sources, e. The PSH, therefore, can be conducive to enhancing the power system security. . Thailand intends to source nearly 35,000 MW of new electricity from renewables as it looks to reach carbon neutrality and net zero commitments.
