This study uses the SBM‐Undesirable model to measure the energy‐environment eficiency of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration from 2010 to 2020, adopts a modified gravity model and social network analysis to reveal the structural characteristics of its spatial correlation. . This study uses the SBM‐Undesirable model to measure the energy‐environment eficiency of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration from 2010 to 2020, adopts a modified gravity model and social network analysis to reveal the structural characteristics of its spatial correlation. . The Yangtze River Economic Belt is a critical strategic region for China's economic development. Accurately assessing the energy transition level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and identifying key barriers in the region are essential for achieving China's carbon neutrality goals.