Energy storage power stations, acting as “power banks” in the power system, play a crucial role in regulating power supply and demand balance, improving power system flexibility, and promoting the consumption of new energy sources. A battery energy storage system (BESS) is an electrochemical device that charges (or collects energy) from the grid or a power plant and then discharges that energy at a later time to. . Electrical Energy Storage (EES) systems store electricity and convert it back to electrical energy when needed. 1 Batteries are one of the most common forms of electrical energy storage. The first battery, Volta's cell, was developed in 1800. pioneered large-scale energy storage with the. . An energy storage system (ESS) for electricity generation uses electricity (or some other energy source, such as solar-thermal energy) to charge an energy storage system or device, which is discharged to supply (generate) electricity when needed at desired levels and quality. Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) and others can employ to evaluate performance of deployed BESS or solar photovoltaic (PV) +BESS systems. The. . Amid this dynamic energy landscape, energy storage may emerge as an important tool to address these challenges, potentially revolutionizing how electricity is generated, managed, and consumed.